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viernes, 14 de diciembre de 2012

Generalidades y actualización en tuberculosis (TB)

Actualización: La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) estima que 2 millones de personas han tenido TB latente y que a nivel mundial, en 2009, la enfermedad mató a 1,7 millones de personas. Los nuevos tratamientos de TB se están desarrollando y  nuevas vacunas de TB se encuentran bajo investigación.


Autor(es): Thomas E Herchline, MD; Chief Editor: Michael Stuart Bronze, MD 

 Resumen




  • La resistencia a múltiples fármacos ha surgido de un mal cumplimiento con las terapias de TB, lo que resulta en dificultades para controlar la enfermedad. En consecuencia, una amenaza de pandemia mundial se produjo a finales de 1980 y principios de 1990. 
  • La Organización Mundial de la Salud elaboró ​​un plan para tratar de identificar el 70% de los casos mundiales de tuberculosis y para tratar completamente al menos el 85% de estos casos en el año 2000. Fuera de estos objetivos han nacido grandes programas de vigilancia de la tuberculosis y el concepto de la terapia de observación directa (DOT), que obliga a un tercero para presenciar el cumplimiento de la farmacoterapia. Con los esfuerzos de todo el mundo, la detección global de casos con baciloscopia positiva pasó de 11% (1991) a 45% (2003), con 71-89% de los casos sometidos a tratamiento completo.
  • La incidencia mundial de la tuberculosis aumenta con la densidad de población y el desarrollo urbano, a fin de que por la Revolución Industrial en Europa (1750), fue responsable de más del 25% de las defunciones de adultos. En efecto, en el siglo 20, TB fue la causa principal de muerte en los Estados Unidos. (Ver Etiología y Epidemiología, a continuación).
                                                                                                                                                                




  •  Artículos relacionados
Traducción y resumen:  Dr. Rafael Perez Garcia vía Emergency & Critical Care  

  •  Referencias bibliográficas 



El actual tema ha sido extraído de publicaciones de organismos y revistas médicas mundiales y nacionales. Se recomienda la visita a sus respectivos portales y/o cuentas correspondientes y seleccionar el tema "Tuberculosis". Cabe resaltar que de acuerdo a su ubicación territorial cada organismo público maneja sus respectivas estadísticas y traza sus diferentes pautas a seguir como medidas preventivas y de erradicacion de la correspondiente enfermedad.


*Se recomiendan las lecturas de los artículos  relacionados a con las instituciones de la foto superior por considerarse de actualización a Enero del 2013 y fortalecer el conocimiento y aporte del mismo de 2012.

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